|
|
Vliv ročního období a pořadí laktace na kvalitu mleziva holštýnských krav ve vybraném podniku
Slechanová, Marie
The topic of the bachelor's thesis was to monitor the influence of the season and the order of lactation on the quality of colostrum of Holstein cows. The bachelor thesis is divided into several parts. In the literary research, the work deals with the characteristics, meaning and composition of colostrum. The theoretical part describes the effects on the quality of colostrum or colostrum preservation. In the practical part is characterized, the company that provided the data and samples for this work. Colostrum from dairy cows in the 1st to 3rd and higher lactations during the seasons was evaluated. Density, the amount of lactose in colostrum, and the percentage of fat, protein, and lactose were measured from the evaluation indicators. The results show that the quality of colostrum increases with increasing lactation. Based on the obtained results, it is not proven that the influence of the season has a major influence on the quality of colostrum. The measured values of the indicators were higher or lower on the monitored farm in accordance with the professional literature.
|
|
|
Infekční a neinfekční příčiny průjmů telat v období mléčné výživy
MAŇÁKOVÁ, Lucie
Diarrheal diseases are one of the most common diseases of calves. The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to evaluate the incidence and causes of (infectious and non-infectious) diarrheal diseases in calves during the dairy feeding period in selected breeding of dairy cattle. From January to December 2022, a total of 276 cases of di-arrhea were evaluated, of which 38% were infectious. Cryptosporidium parvum was determined to be the most common cause of infectious diarrhea using a rapid stable test. Bacterial causes of diarrhea were not diagnosed. The cause of non-infectious diarrheal diseases was deficiencies in colostral nutrition of calves, e.g., late feeding of calves after birth. Management of colostral nutrition in the farm will require cor-rective measures.
|
|
|
Vybrané vlivy působící na tržní produkci klisního mléka
Hájková, Lucie
This bachelor's work is focused on selected influences which have impact to the market production mare's milk. Work consists of two parts. First part is theoretic. This part is focused on composition of mare's milk. Within this part there was made mare's milk sampling and analysis. This milk was milked from breed Hafling. This part includes also influences which impact market production mare's milk. Monitored effects were order of lactation, feeding dose, season and breed. Second part deals with own proposal of the farm construction with mare's milk production. This part describes buildings which will be part of farm, especially stalls for breeding animals, milking house for mare's milk production and other buildings which will be used within riding club. Further there is characterized livestock which will be breed at the farm with focus on its breed. At the end the offered services and price list of this service are described. Within proposal there were carried out survey in the village Drnovice. Twenty-one families with children were interviewed. Interest in mare's milk and products made of this milk was evaluated on the base of this questionnaire.
|
|
|
Zásady optimálního odchovu hříbat
Volná, Šárka
The aim of this thesis is to describe the evolution of foals (until the age of two); their anatomy, as well as the state of their mental being. I will outline the behavior of the foal after the birth and the importance of colostrum. Since health plays an important role not only in life of foals, I will introduce some common diseases that can affect the foals, and I will explain not only how to cure them, but primarily how to prevent them. It is necessary to take a good care of foals even if they are completely healthyone should provide them with enough nutrition and vitamins, vaccinate them regularly and deprive them from warms. It is also crucial to train them so that, once mature, they do not surprise us with abundance of strength and energy. The major purpose of this thesis is to find out in what environment and condi-tions foals generally prosper the best.
|
|
|
Výživa telat v období do odstavu
Sladký, David
Nowadays, the topic of calf nutrition in the weaning period is increasingly discussed. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis describes the period of colostrum, milk and starter nutrition and weaning of calves. Furthermore, an overview of the feeds used in calves during the lactation period is presented, focusing on colostrum, milk replacers, starter feeds and drinking water. In the practical part, the results of a trial of feeding dairy compound feeds from two different producers are described. 20 calves were included in the trial and divided into two groups and after the lactation period, ten of them were fed with Multimilk Vital from VVS Verměřovice and the other group with Telfid Extra from FIDES AGRO, s. All calves were monitored for weight, health, consumption of starter mixture and gains were calculated and an economic evaluation of the cost of rearing calves was carried out. No statistically significant differences were found in live weight of calves, daily gains or consumption of starter mixture throughout the experiment. At one stage of rearing, a higher incidence of diarrhoea was found in calves fed Telfid Extra. Although the final evaluation of the increments showed almost identical results, after recalculation of the economic aspect, Telfid Extra with a cost of 47.57 CZK per kg of increment was more economical than the Multimilk Vital mixture, where the cost per kg of increment in the feed used was calculated at 58.02 CZK.
|
|
| |
|
|
Vztahy mezi kvalitou mleziva, růstem a zdravotním stavem telat
ŠLEGLOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of calf rearing, especially in the period of colostrum and dairy nutrition. As the basis of successful cattle breeding is the breeding of calves, emphasis must be placed on their timely connection with quality colostrum. Colostrum is the first secretion of the mammary gland immediately after calving. It contains important components, especially immunoglobulins, which play an important role in the nutrition of calves, provide passive immunity of calves after birth, health and vital functions in the first ectopic period of the calf cubs. Another important aspect for successful and healthy rearing of calves is, for example, the technology of housing calves or their subsequent nutrition in individual rearing periods, which are also described in the thesis.
|
|
|
Kontrola úrovně imunitní vybavenosti telat
ŠIMKOVÁ, Romana
This thesis deals with the evaluation of calves colostral immunity on a chosen dairy farm. The theoretical part is focused on the passive imunity, its function, transfer and the possibilities of its control. The next part is aimed on the factors influencing this process and on the consequences of its low level. During the study an amount of serum total proteins in calves was observed as an indicator of their passive immunity. In total, 541 blood samples were analysed via optical refractometer. The observation of several factors, such as time between birth and first feeding and use of drencher, was also included. The quality of first-fed colostrum was checked in 78 calves. Collected data were analysed statistically.
|
|
|
Využití probiotických krmných aditiv ve výživě telat
POLÍVKOVÁ, Denisa
The aim of this study was a brief elaboration of a literature review containing the morphology of the digestive system of calves, the issue of methods of their breeding and feeding, probiotics, prebiotics and phytobotics. The following study aims to confirm the positive effect of probiotic feed additives containing the probiotic strain Lactobacillus Sporogenes on calves. A total of 80 calves were included in the project, divided in half into two groups, control and experimental. Both groups were weighed three times, within two hours after birth and then according to the individuality of the individuals at shifts of an average of 56 and 100 days of age. During breeding, in addition to weight, the general state of health, the frequency of diarrheal diseases. From the evaluation of the collected data, it can be stated that the feeding of probiotic additives containing the Lactobacillus Sporogenes strain has a significant effect not only on the health status but also on the weight gain of calves.
|
|
|
Vliv kondice holštýnského skotu v období stání na sucho na kvalitu mleziva a mléčnou užitkovost ve vybraném chovu
Křístková, Jana
The main objective of this thesis is to assess the influence of condition of Holstein cattle during the dry period on the quality of colostrum and on the milk yield. The assessment is based on Body Condition Score (BCS) performed on dairy cows during the dry period and, subsequently, after calving. The experiment was carried on from December 2015 to October 2016 in Mléčná farma Lubina, s. r. o. farm. The Body Condition Score was assessed in the dry period and then within a week after calving. The overall number of examined animals is 384 cows in the dry period and 384 cows after calving. An hour after calving, a sample of colostrum was taken and its quality was assessed by a manual refractometer ATC (with automatic temperature compensation). The parameters of milk yield were obtained from the milk yield examination of each dairy cow 100 days after calving. The experiment showed that the physical condition of dairy cows in the dry period was highly influential (P is smaller than 0,01) in the average BCS in component ranges and that the physical condition after calving was also highly influential (P is smaller than 0,01) in the average BCS in component ranges. Furthermore, the conclusive impact (P is smaller than 0,05) on the contents of proteins in milk of dairy cows with BCS is smaller or equal than 3 (3,77 %) and of dairy cows with optimum BCS of 3,25 to 3,75 (3,89 %) was proved. In case of succession of lactation periods, the conclusive impact (P is smaller than 0,01) was proved on milk yield of cows in their 2nd lactation period (38,16 kg) and cows in their 3rd lactation period (41,17 kg), as well as on cows in their 4th lactation period (38,59 kg). Also, the statistically conclusive impact (P is smaller than 0,01) on the contents of proteins in milk and of lactose of dairy cows in their 2nd lactation period (3,71 % a 5,03 %) and of dairy cows in their 4th lactation period and latter (4,10 % a 4,96 %) was proved. Other results weren´t statistically significant.
|
guest ::
